Leukemia Dictionary

acute lymphocytic leukemia: The most common type of leukemia in patients under age 19, although it can develop at any age. It results from an acquired (not inherited) genetic injury to the DNA of a single cell in the bone marrow.

acute myelogenous leukemia: Rapidly progressing type of leukemia that causes accumulation of immature, functionless cells in the bone marrow and blood.

blood cell counts: An analysis of the presence of white blood cells, red blood cells, platelets and other blood components. Counts are used to help diagnose, treat, follow up and determine a leukemia patient's health.

bone marrow: The soft, sponge-like tissue in the center of bones that produces white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets.

bone marrow aspirate: A test that looks for cell abnormalities in bone marrow. Used to help diagnose leukemia, an aspirate is usually done at the same time as a bone marrow biopsy.

bone marrow biopsy: A test in which a very small piece of bone filled with marrow is extracted and then examined under a microscope. Usually done in conjunction with a bone marrow aspirate.

chronic lymphocytic leukemia: A slowly progressing cancer of the blood in which too many lymphocytes are produced by the bone marrow and by organs of the lymphatic system.

chronic myelogenous leukemia: A slowly progressing disease in which too many white blood cells are produced in bone marrow.